A thermodynamically consistent model for elastic behaviour of swelling clay is presented here. It is based on general Clausius-Duhem inequality for under-saturated porous media. In the state equations, decomposition of strain - as in moisture swelling method - will lead to inconsistencies with observed behaviour. Therefore, decomposition of stress into deformation stress, hydraulic stress and swelling stress is used. Also, the conduction equations for heat flow and moisture flow are presented. They are based on theoretical conduction equations for under-saturated porous media, taking swelling of material into account.
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