Colloidal Cathode Materials for Solution Processing of 3-Dimensional Nanometer Scale Batteris - Optimizing the Performance of Vanadia Nanorolls

摘要

To produce nanoscale batteries with a well-defined architecture, a combination of traditional lithography and colloidal processing is needed. Colloidal processing of cathode materials is complicated by the fact that most cathode materials are layered phases that allow facile cation intercalation between the layers. It is generally difficult to produce such layered materials as small-scale colloids that can be easily suspended and transported in solution because crystal growth tends to be fast in the plane of the layers. To address this problem, we have focused our attention on a new class of layered materials: surfactant templated vanadia nanorolls. In these materials, the layered vanadia structure is in the form of a jelly-roll with surfactant bilayers separating the vanadia layers. The materials are thus small in two dimensions and can be suspended in a variety of solvents for solution phase processing.