Comparison of soda-lime glass, stainless steel, and tungsten carbide penetrator impact behavior on soft aluminum targets

摘要

The penetration of 3.175 mm and 6.35 mm diameter spheres of soda-lime glass (SLG) and 3.175 mm diameter spheres of stainless-steel (SS) and tungsten carbide (WC) into soft aluminum targets at velocities ranging from 0.56 km/s to 3.99 km/s, has been analyzed by metallography, SEM, and microhardness testing to characterize the residual crater microstructures. A zone of dynamic recrystallization surrounds the crater wall, and decreasing dislocation density occurs beyond this zone; consistent with the residual hardness profiles. A simple plot of p/Dc (crater depth/diameter) ratio exhibited an "anomalous" hump at low-velocities where values of penetration p/Dc) between 1 to 2 km/s exceed the hypervelocity threshold values of p/Dc), while corresponding crater diameter to projectile diameter ratios (Dc/dp) increased with impact velocity. Computer simulations for crater half cross-section geometries with impact velocity are compared with experimental geometries, shapes and related features. These results demonstrate the importance of appropriate projectile/target strength systems ratios.