Solute segreation to grain boundaries is a fundamental phenomenon in polycrystalline metal-oxide electroceramics that has enormous implications for the macroscopic dielectric behavior of the materials.This paper presents a systematic study of solute segregation in a model dielectric,titanium dioxide.We investigate the relative role of the electrostatic versus strain energy driving forces for segregation by studying yttrium-doped specimens.Through analytical transmission electron microscopy studies,we quantitatively determine the segregation behavior of the material.The measured Gibbsian interfacial excesses are compared to thermodynamic predictions.
展开▼
