Acid solutions based on hydrogen peroxide or persulfates are used for chemical treatment (etching, pickling, etc.) of copper and its alloys. Spent solutions containing metal ions (copper, etc.) were subjected to electrolysis in non-divided, two- and three-compartment cells. Depending on the particular situation (composition of, the solution, cost of chemicals and electric power), the most economical procedure may include. Removal of metal ions, accompanied by the destruction of an oxidant; selective removal of only metal ions; complete regeneration (removal of metal ions and simultaneous synthesis of an oxidant). Process no.1 is carried out in a non-divided cell and corresponds to minimum energy consumption and maximum losses of chemicals. Process No.2 consumes more electric energy as a result of the use of a two- or even three-chamber cell, however, it reduces consumption of the oxidant. Process No.3 is the most promising, both economically and environmentally. It can be used, if certain changes in the formulations of the solutions would be accepted by its users.
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