The development of Ladle Metallurgy hascontributed enormously to the quality of steel in thelast 20 years in terms of control of steel chemistrythrough improved alloying techniques and reduction ofdissolved elements, as well as better control ofinclusion distributions in terms of size, frequency,composition and morphology. In this paper, some of thefundamental aspects relating to refining reactions forhot metal and steel desulphurization, calcium treatmentof steel, separation of inclusions to slags, and slagentrainment during teeming as a result of vortexingflows of liquid steel are reviewed. It is shown thatmathematical and pyhsical modelling have, and continueto ,contribute greatly to our understanding and control of these phenomena.
展开▼
