Life cycle engineering of a three-way catalyst system as an approach for government consultation

摘要

Cars cause a lot of pollutants during the utilization phase. Within the last years environmental legislation tried to reduce the emissions by the introduction of very tight laws. The results are impressive. Most of the car exhaust emissions like carbon monoxide and nitrous oxides have been reduced. At this stage, new emission reduction limits in Europe as well as in the United States can only be achieved if the formulation of the catalyst system is significantly changed. An increased use of precious metals and rare earth materials is the result of such a modification which succeeds in a more expensive designs of the total catalyst systems. More expansive means not only cost aspects, but also the environmental burdens related to the increased production of precious metals and other catalyst components. The Life Cycle Engineering (LCE) of the catalyst system which achieves the new legislation is demonstrated as well as the effects to the usage phase. The aspects of sustainability and economic issues are shown as well.