Multiple cathode scanning x-ray source technology for x-ray mine detection techniques: advanced technology research

摘要

Two mine detection techniques rely on the development of a field-equipped x-ray source. The techniques are the Photon Backscatter Imaging method (based mainly on multiple x-ray backscatter) and the first-scatter differential x-ray method. This paper discusses a new x-ray source technology concept and its application in mine detection for use with these techniques. The concept is based on multiple-cathode technology. The basics of the concept are to use small, fast-switching, grid-controlled, multiple dispenser cathodes that are arranged in a closely-spaced, firing sequence. The unique feature of the technology is the ability to control the operation of a sequence of cathodes, so that each cathode is supplied with 1 ampere of current for a time of 100 microseconds. The basics were demonstrated with three cathodes, operated in sequence. The demonstration included dual-energy voltage switching. 'On' and 'off' switching times of 1 microsecond and 3 microseconds, respectively, have been demonstrated at an anode potential of 105 kilovolts and current of 1 ampere. The technology has the capability to dynamically modulate the voltage of the cathodes by plus/minus 20 kilovolts. The source, utilizing this technology, will be able to scan the width of a vehicle for vehicular land mines. The source is expected to be rugged and affixed to the front of a vehicle. The housing diameter for the scanner will be small, i.e. approximately 20 centimeters. The technology favors the use of modular components that are easily replaceable for simple maintenance. These qualities are all positive considerations for a mine detector for the field.