Indirect and direct pharmacokinetic parameter reconstruction in dynamic diffuse fluorescence tomography by adaptive extended Kalman filtering scheme

摘要

Pharmacokinetic diffuse fluorescence tomography (DFT) can provide helpful diagnostic information for tumordifferentiation and monitoring. Among the methods of achieving pharmacokinetic parameters, adaptive extended Kalmanfiltering (AEKF) as a nonlinear filter method demonstrates the merits of quantitativeness, noise-robustness, andinitialization independence. In this paper, indirect and direct AEKF schemes based on a commonly used two-compartmentmodel were studied to extract pharmacokinetic parameters from simulation data. To assess the effect of metabolic rate onthe reconstruction results, a series of numerical simulation experiments with the metabolic time range from 4.16 min to 38min were carried out and the results obtained by the two schemes were compared. The results demonstrate that when themetabolic time is longer than 18 min, the pharmacokinetic-rate estimates of two schemes are similar; however, when themetabolic time is shorter than 5 min, the pharmacokinetic parameters obtained by the indirect scheme are far from the truevalue and even unavailable.