Information Displays and Crew Configurations for UTM Operations

摘要

In this paper we discuss how team configuration may influence how information is shared among team members for low-altitude Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UAS)operations. NASA collected and analyzed observation data gathered during a series of field tests for the UAS Traffic Management (UTM)project. The field tests were part of a larger effort aimed at advancing the UTM concept, conducted at six test-sites across the USA. Ground control station (GCS)concepts, flight-crew composition, and crew-size varied within and across test-sites. Flight crews took two strategic approaches to organizing their teams. The first of the two approaches was implemented by one third of the flight crews. These crews integrated the role of UTM operator into the duties of existing crew members, merging the current roles with this new one, keeping the UTM operator collocated with the flight crew. The remaining two thirds implemented a distributed team configuration, where a single UTM operator distributed support across multiple crews. Results from our data collection efforts revealed that UTM operator location influenced whether flight crews used verbal communication versus displays to acquire UTM information.