The paper describes the influence of laser hardening on the state of residual stresses and high-cycle fatigue resistance of railway axles made of the EA1N steel. It has been found that the compressive residual stresses along the surface of the hardened track in axial direction, which is more important from the technological point of view, significantly increase fatigue strength. With the optimized position of the laser tracks on the inner edge of the axle seats, these compressive stresses can play a crucial role in significantly increasing the fatigue resistance of the axles under operation.
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