Geomorphological and geological causes of landslide processes within the Krosnien structural and facial zone (Ukrainian Carpathians)

摘要

Geological and geomorphological factors of natural hazards within the Krosnien structural and facial zone (Ukrainian Carpathians) have been defined. Principal impact of rock lithology, geomorphological structure, underwater regime and tectonics on the landslides formation is described. The research confirmed a special role of the tectonic factor and the presence of weak zones in the development of mass movements. Weak zones are characterized by fracturing, brecciation, bedding of flysch deposits and contrast in permeability. Assessment of the stress-strain state of the slope of complex geological structure has been proposed. The phenomenon is described as thermoelastic-plastic equilibrium of the isotropic matrix under effect of applied mass (gravitational field of the Earth) and surface efforts, inhomogeneous stationary temperature field. In addition, it was assumed that the Young modulus at each point of the matrix depends on the water saturation.