A Paper-based Enzymatic Sensor Array for Visual Detection of Glucose Levels in Urine

摘要

We developed a novel glucose sensor that enabled simple visual screening of specific glucose concentrations in urine. This non-invasive glucose biosensor integrated a disposable, paper-based sensing strip and a simple amplifier circuit with a visual readout. The paper sensor consisted of five enzyme-functionalized electrodes which were individually connected to a specifically designed LED indicator circuit with a predefined threshold value regarding glucose levels. The device features (i) low-cost paper-based glucose oxidase (GOX)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) sensing electrodes, (ii) simple signal amplification and (iii) on-site, rapid and visual detection. The sensor showed reliable, discrete visual responses for determination of five glucose levels (1, 2, 3, 4 and higher than 4 mM) in urine in less than 2 minutes. This sensor will address the limitations of conventional glucose measurements.