This paper focuses on on-demand wireless sensor networks (WSNs) where a main radio interface (IF) used for data communications by each node is remotely activated through its secondary radio called wake-up receiver. The energy-efficiency achieved by on-demand WSNs highly depends on the trade-off between the wake-up range (i.e., the range within which a wake-up signaling is possible) and power consumption of wake-up receiver. With larger (smaller) wake-up range, the required number of hops for data delivery can be smaller (larger) while larger (smaller) power consumption of wake-up receiver is required to achieve higher (lower) receiver sensitivity. In this paper, we analyze the impact of this trade-off on the overall energy-efficiency of on-demand WSNs. Furthermore, we propose a multi-hop wake-up control with small control overhead, which is achieved by making intermediate nodes jointly send several control messages for wake-up operations with a single transmission. Our simulation results reveal the inherent trade-off between sensitivity and power consumption of wake-up receiver, and also show that the proposed multi-hop wake-up control significantly improves the energy-efficiency of on-demand WSNs.
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