INTEGRATED FIELD MAPPING, ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND SUBSURFACE GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF KANIKEH FORMATION AS POTENTIAL SOURCE ROCK IN SERAM ISLAND

摘要

From earlier research literature, Kanikeh Formation has high as a potential source rock that can supply a considerable amount of oil and gas. Studies on this formation have not been so numerous and because of this, it is very enticing to discuss its distribution, subsurface geology and organic chemistry. The methods of this study include detailed geological mapping with measured section, collection of rock samples and laboratory analysis (general and organic petrography, macro and micro paleontology, organic geochemistry), as well as interpretation of subsurface geology using well, seismic, and residual gravity-data. The rock formation contains sandy limestone, low grade metamorphism of carbonate sandstone with laminate-parallel sedimentary structure, convolute, limestone nodules, partially oxidized with red color, slump structures, intercalated with the carbonaceous shale, claystone and lime mudstone, with a thickness ratio greater than sandstone thickness. The rock formation is from Triassic to Jurassic age. From the interpretation of well, seismic and residual gravity data, it shows the Kanikeh formation has been thrusted upwards and overlapped the Manusela Formation beneath it. Based on organic chemistry analysis of seven oil samples, and ten rock samples were taken from the Oseil and Bula Oil Fields, the Kanikeh Formation contains no terestrial organic source material, and hydrocarbon has been generated from carbonate rocks deposited in a marine environment with reduction condition and, turbidite facies. This formation mostly has potential to produce oil rather than organic gas from a mature source rock, that containing marine algae type II (Kerogen Type I and II) with a mid level of biodegradation.