Effect of hormones gibberelin (Ga3) to produce parthenocarpy fruit on tomato tree (Solarium Betaceum, Cav )

摘要

Tomato tree (Solatium betaceum, Cav ) has a high economic value.consumed as fresh and processed fruit such as juice and syrup. Tomato tree has small seeds, a lot of seed and hard seed coat, so it requires a special handling on processing. Gibberalin hormone can increase fruit size and play a role in the formation of a little of seeds (seedless). This study aims to determine the effect of Gibberelin (GA3) on producing of parthenocarpy fruit.conducted in April -August 2017 at experimental garden of Vegetable Research Institute at Tongkoh Berastagi Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Gibberellin applied with five concentration, they are: 0 ppm as a control (Go), 10 ppm (G1), 20 ppm (G2), 30 ppm (G3), and 40 ppm (G4) aplication by sprayed directly on the flower bud for six times and lapse of 3 days. The parameters observed were the percentage of fruit formation, the thickness of the flesh, the weight of the fruit, the weight of the fruit flesh, the weight of the seed, the number of potential seeds, the pithy seed, and the degenerated seeds. The results showed that the application of Gibberelin had significant effect on the decrease of number of potential seeds, seeds and increased degenerated seeds, but no significant on the percentage of fruit formation, the thickness of the flesh, the weight of the fruit, the weight of the flesh and the weight of the seed. The average number of potential seeds, seeds, and degenerated seeds was significantly different at each dose. The lowest number of seeds was found at concentrations of 40 ppm (G4).