Study on the Surgical Treatment of Large Pituitary Adenomas

摘要

Pituitary adenoma is a common intracranial tumor, second only to glioblastoma and meningioma, accounting for about 10% of intracranial tumors. In recent years there has been an increasing trend. Hardy is divided into microadenomas (<10mm), large adenomas (11 ～ 40mm), giant adenomas (> 40mm) according to imaging findings. According to the endocrine function can be divided into functional adenoma and nonfunctional adenoma. Functional adenoma is mainly prolactinoma, growth hormone adenoma, adrenocorticotropic hormone adenoma and so on. Pituitary adenomas mainly from the following aspects of harm to the human body: (1) excessive secretion or deficiency of pituitary hormones, causing metabolic disorders and organ damage; (2) tumor compression surrounding structures such as optic chiasm, optic nerve, cavernous sinus, hypothalamus A serious obstacle to the corresponding function. The early age of pituitary adenomas is young adults, which has important damage to the growth, development, labor ability and fertility of the patients, and cause a series of social psychological effects. Since the late 19th century, people's understanding of pituitary adenomas has been deepening, especially since the 1970s, with the development of modern endocrinology, pathology, imaging and microsurgery, the clinical and basic research of pituitary adenomas A lot of new progress, which deepened the understanding of the disease, improve the level of diagnosis and treatment.