Numerical Simulation of Thermal Radiation of Tank Fire and Fire Prevention Assessment in Oil Pipeline Station

摘要

Tank fire is one of the most frequent accidents in oil pipeline transportation station. The hazard of tank fire to people, building, process piping, and other facilities, is mainly from the thermal radiation. It is necessary and meaningful to study the distribution of the thermal radiation of tank fire for emergency response, preventing and reducing loss. To research tank fire in the pipeline station, computer fluid dynamics (CFD) technology, a useful tool, is introduced to carry out the numerical simulations of tank pool fire and dike pool fire. The fire heat release rate of gasoline and diesel is set by combustion properties. Three kinds of fires, including disk pool fire and ring pool fire on the top of a tank, pool fire in the dike, are set in the six simulation scenarios. A three-dimensional station model is built in the CFD software package and used to research the thermal radiation distribution under the different conditions. By the results of simulation, the effects of the thermal radiation to the facilities and people are analyzed. It concludes that the water cooling system has great function of decreasing the thermal radiation and protecting the nearby tanks and facilities away from the fires. Without water protection, the disk fire or ring fire can destroy or damage the nearby intensively. The dike pool fire can involve the nearby facilities into the catastrophic consequence and environmental wind can not change the thermal radiation distribution significantly. On basis of simulation, the fire safety risk is evaluated and the countermeasure and tactics is proposed to enhance fire prevention in a scientific way.