Surface modification of live bacteria based on polysaccharides on the bacterial surface

摘要

Surface engineering of bacteria has attracted much attention due to its potential applications, such as in the development of vaccines, catalysts, and biosensors. We previously reported ah approach to display various molecules on the bacterial surface using a chemically synthesized cell-wall (peptidoglycan) precursor derivative, 2-N-levulinoyl-α-D-glucosamine-1-phosphate (GlcLev-1-P). The ketone moieties of the GlcLev-1-P were displayed on the bacterial surface and could be used for further chemical modifications via the specific coupling reaction of ketone and hydrazide. This method enables us to display various molecules, such as oligosaccharides and fluorophores. It is applicable to almost all kinds of bacteria, but is particularly effective with Gram-positive bacteria, which have thick peptidoglycan layers on the surface.