Diversity and abundance of parasitoids in organic apple orchards inBaden-Wiirttemberg

摘要

The diversity and abundance of parasitoids and their functional effects on their hosts in organic apple orchards located in Streuobst Plieningen and Goldener Grund in spring till autumn in the years 2011 to 2012 were investigated. In this study we found six species of parasitoids related to two different subfamilies Ichneumonidae and Braconidae. Two species of parasiotids Trichomma enecator and Cremastus minor were dominant species in the region. The percentage of parasitism was low except for Bracongelechidae showed 40 % rate of parasitisation. The food web was visualized to have a better understanding of functional diversity of parasitoids and their hosts in the studied regions.