SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF INDOOR PM_(2.5) AT SANTIAGO, CHILE

摘要

A simultaneous indoor and outdoor PM2.5 campaign has been carried out at Santiago, Chile (6 million inhabitants, 33.5°S, 70.6°W) in spring 2012. Paired input and output samplers were used for measuring elemental and EC/OC composition in Teflon and quartz filters, respectively. A total of 47 households at Downtown Santiago were analyzed; socioeconomic status was included in the campaign design. Indoor PM2.5 concentrations are higher due to household activities such as cooking and cleaning and habits like smoking; mean outdoor and indoor PM2.5 concentrations were 18.5 and 21.6 Hg/m~3, respectively; mean I/O ratio was 1.20 (cj=0.51). The infiltration factor was estimated by the sulfur tracer methods as 0.80 (±0.03); this value is higher than in USA studies because of higher air exchange rates in Santiago (1-8 h~(-1)) due to poor construction standards and lack of air conditioning.