Gyrokinetic particle simulation of a tokamak Ohmic transport equilibrium

摘要

Recent progress in gyrokinetic full f global particle simulation [1, 2] has made possible a full transport simulation and analysis of tokamak discharges over the energy confinement time. The benefit of such simulations the incorporation of turbulence and neoclassical physics within the same calculation based on physics of first principles. An important test for the validity of such a scheme is to find the Ohmic transport equilibrium determined by the balance of Ohmic heating and turbulent transport. In tokamaks, the Ohmic equilibrium is reached by feedback controlling a constant current into the plasma.In other words, the transformer drives initially with a huge loop voltage a steady current against the cold plasma which heats the plasma until the electron temperature is so high that the resistive heating (and loop voltage) ceases to the level of heat losses by transport. This process can be illustrated qualitatively by [3]