Distributed wastewater treatment does not require extensive sewer systems and offers opportunities for a more sustainable management of local water resources (Daigger, 2009). Reclaimed water quality can be tailored to local needs, such as landscape irrigation, groundwater recharge, streamflow augmentation, or service water used in households (e.g., toilet flushing). The drawbacks of distributed wastewater treatment could be the higher specific cost of reclaimed water originating from economy of scale (Sander, 2003). These costs could be balanced through savings associated with the construction and maintenance of sewer systems, the need for a dedicated conveyance system to provide reclaimed water to end-users, and pumping costs.
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