We have prepared aptamer-conjugated GO for selective enrichment and detection of cocaine and adenosine from plasma samples. This method has several advantages: first, it represents a conjugation chemistry that is very easy to perform; second, the use of GO eliminates 1) the need for any additional energy-absorbing matrix for ionization and 2) background interference. When combined with aptamer-based affinity capture, our results show that GO provides an efficient platform for selective enrichment of target analytes and the attainment of direct mass spectrometric readout, even from very complex media, which would not be possible by using either GO or aptamers alone. Since a huge repertoire of aptamers exists for different targets, including proteins, metabolites, and cell-surface markers, we believe, based on our study graphene based aptamer enhanced extraction mass spectrometry can be extended to a more complex system and be used when screening different biological samples.
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