Given this extraordinary set of resource materials, the literature and practice of graphic design, with its extensive and varietal history, when, where, why, and how can we as cartographers take advantage of all or some of this to improve our products? Where do we begin ... there is much to consider. First, we need to be holistically, totally, and unified in our approach. Consider Scott: First, there are "the relationships and interdependencies of the four causal essentials, the purpose, and the formal, the material, and the technical causes. ... [There is] the parallel connection of the formal (visual and more general) and the wholly concrete and specific characteristics of the structural relationships ... the unity of designing is indeed organic. It is so much a unity that no elements can really be segregated without doing violence both to it and to the process as a whole."
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