New Technologies in Fracturing for Shale Gas Wells are Addressing Environmental Issues

摘要

This paper discusses how applied science, historically safe operations, advancements in technology and standard processes are helping to address and reduce environmental issues (EI) for hydraulic fracturing in shale gas wells. The technologies presented include equipment footprints allowing for a reduced risk for environmental effects, 3D fracture mapping, microseismic fracture mapping, “green” fracturing fluids, bacteria control through UV light technology and an improved method of water recycling. This combination of scientifically-derived technologies and best practices (a.k.a standards) is assisting in lowering the risk for EI and addressing misconceptions about hydraulic fracturing. To further address these environmental issues, members of Oil & Gas (O&G) industry associations, including the American Petroleum Institute (API), Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE), International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC) and the International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (OGP) based in London and Brussels, continue to develop sound science and field-proven best practices in the form of industry standards, such as those referenced in this paper. Technical publications by O&G service companies have provided numerous case histories highlighting these applicable technologies. These presented technologies and practices have helped to demonstrate the positive impacts for shale gas development projects.