Formulation of Phenoxy Ester Herbicide EW Concentrates with Alkylether Citrate Ester Surfactants

摘要

Robust and efficacious iso-octyl 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4-D IOE) emulsion concentrates (EW) have been formulated using alkylether citrate ester (AEC) emulsifiers. Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement (FBRM) has been employed to monitor the in-situ formation of concentrated emulsions and to determine the particle size distributions at steady state. The optimal formulation had a median particle size of 3.3 urn with a narrow distribution. The measured peak width at half maximum (PWHM) was 4.0μm. The optimal EW formulation displayed viscoelastic behavior as determined by rheological measurement and had excellent dilution characteristics in 34, 342, and 1000 ppm water. Glasshouse tests demonstrated that the 2,4-D IOE EW was as efficacious as the commercial 2,4-D LV EC formulation.