The worldwide oil refining industry faces strong challenges related to uncertain scenarios for heavier and more scarce feed-stocks and more restrict oil products specifications. Two main strategies were identified to address these challenges: the first one associated to the worldwide trend of increasing refineries conversion and versatility, through the use of comples units as delayed coking, hydro-cracking (HCC) and gasification; the second one considers the integration between the refining and the petrochemical industries, aiming to add value to the crude oil and to guarantee marekt share to refiners premium products, through recent advances of the FCC.
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