Standard ANSI pumps are adequate for most services. In installations where they do not give adequate service, however, upgrades are available to improve reliability. These should be selectively applied to obtain the maximum reliability at the lowest cost. Traditional component modifications, as well as more recently available upgrades, are reviewed for the two highest failure pump components: mechanical seals and bearings. Analytical and test data are presented to validate the newer component upgrades from both a reliability and cost effectiveness viewpoint.
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