Hydrogen Sulfide and Nonmethane Hydrocarbon Emissions from Broiler Houses in the Southeastern United States

摘要

Hydrogen sulfide (H_2S) and nonmethane hydrocarbon (NMHC) emissions from two mechanically ventilated commercial broiler houses located in the southeastern United States were continuously monitored over 12 flocks during the one-year period of 2006-2007as a joint effort between Iowa State University and the University of Kentucky. Hydrogen Sulfide and NMHC concentrations were measured using UV-Fluorescence H_2S analyzers and methane/nonmethane/total hydrocarbon dual Flame lonization Detector gas chromatographs.. Ventilation rates in each house were measured continuously by monitoring building static pressure and operational status of all ventilation fans in conjunction with individual performance curves developed and verified in situ using a Fan Assessment Numeration System (FANS) unit. United States EPA methods TO-15 and TO-77 were used for the nonmethane hydrocarbon compound speciation. The top-25 compounds are presented. The overall mean H_2S and NMHC emission rate for one-year period was 65.7 ±42 g/d-house and 1.68 +- 0.94 Ib C_3H_8/d-house, respectively. Annual H_2S emission for the two broiler houses (including downtime emissions) averaged 42.3 Ib per year per house (19.2 kg per year per house) or 0.324 Ib per bird marketed or 0.147g per bird marketed when the birds were marketed at 52 days of age with a stocking density of 1.1 bird/ft~2. Annual NMHC emission averaged 510 Ib per year per house (19.4 kg per year per house) or 3.9 Ib per 1000 birds marketed or 1.77 g per bird marketed.