With the facts that the infectious sources for schistosomiasis transmission had entered Three Gorges Reservoir areas, and a potential to transfer Oncomelania into Three Gorges Reservoir areas, the risk of schistosomiasis transmission will be increased with the social-economy development. The local residents had potential hazard behavior of getting infection of Schistosoma japonicum. So the population with higher risk and potential risk factors should be as important components in the surveillance system. The follow things should be put emphasis on for monitoring Schistosomiasis in TGR: ①the infection sources of Schistosomiasis of floating populations, imported livestock should be strengthened, ②monitoring snails from imported plants, aquatic products, traffic-tools over water should be strengthened, ③the effects of economic development on schistosomiasis prevailing should be strengthened to study.
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