Acquiring and Processing a Full-azimuth 3D Lam Seismic Survey in Kuwait

摘要

The assumption that long offsets with wide-azimuth geometries enable better multiple elimination than narrow-azimuth geometries was one of the main reasons for acquiring the first full-azimuth 3D land survey in Kuwait. Other reasons were to enable reservoir characterization, in stacked carbonate reservoirs environment, using prestack inversion and to detect fractures using anisotropic analysis. The data set also allowed the analysis of the effectiveness of the full-azimuth approach in terms of imaging quality. The acquisition technique resulted in a square template with maximum inline and crossline offsets of 6,000 m and 200 m source and receiver line intervals. Two potential causes for loss of vertical resolution, NMO-stretch and anisotropy, were handled in processing. Comparison of narrow geometry with wide geometry was also evaluated in both a 200 m and 400 m receiver and source line intervals data sets. The effectiveness of this full-azimuth approach in 3D land seismic surveys in terms of multiple attenuation, imaging quality and reservoir characterization is evaluated and the challenges encountered in acquisition and processing are discussed.