NREL performed an internal short model simulation study to characterize an internal short and its evolution overtime by linking and integrating NREL's electrochemical cell, electro-thermal, and abuse reaction kinetics models. Initial heating pattern at short events depends on various physical parameters such as nature of short, cell size, rate capability. Temperature rise for short is localized in large-format cells Electron short current is carried mostly by metal collectors. A simple puncture in the separator is not likely to lead to an immediate thermal runaway of a cell. Maintaining the integrity of the separator seems critical to delay short evolution. Electrical, thermal, and electrochemical responses of a shorted cell change significantly for different types of internal shorts.
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