Host-related factors are likely involved in the development of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. There are hematologic and immunophenotypic differences during the first 2—4 wk of life, before the onset of clinical signs of pneumonia, between foalsthat develop R. equi pneumonia and foals that do not. These differences may represent important immunologic mechanisms associated with increased susceptibility of individual foals to infection with R. equi.
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