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RELATIVE SHOCK AND HEAVE - UNDERWATER, ROCK AND THERMODYNAMIC IRREVERSIBILITY

机译:相对冲击和升降 - 水下,岩石和热力学不可逆转

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The work principle from thermodynamics is used to model the shock and heave for explosives shot in rock or under water, with the latter compared to reported results. The work principle utilizes restrictions and constraints to yield a representative fit to the irreversible (natural) shooting process. The reduction of the internal energy of the reaction-zone yields the total expansion work (TXW), the resultant sum of the rock/water shock and heave. The restoration technique of forming a closed thermodynamic loop yields the reversible mechanical work (RMW) or the rock/water heave. The residual work that remains when RMW is subtracted from TXW yields the irreversible disorder work (IDW) or the un-dissipated (without loss) shock in the surrounding rock or water. The work principle renders an unequivocal relationship for the shock-loss factor, rather than the traditional roundabout formula for correcting the underwater gauge-shock of un-modeled explosives. There's a novel heave-ratio factor that unquestionably rates the fit of results under comparison. Rock-shots are more complex in nature than underwater shots due to rock fracture and stratum rupture, though numerical resolution is worthwhile. The proposed rock-water-jelly (RWJ) model yields rough estimates, with rock-type results not wholly different from their underwater counterparts. Though reported underwater shots reveal shock and heave trends with respect to charge formulation ingredients, there are no such rock-shot results for comparison, since the relevant test measurements in rock remain difficult, if not intractable.Reports of underwater research tests for shock and heave have revealed trends for traditional molecular explosives, their mixtures and some commercial mining explosives. Thermodynamically, the former are well characterized and provide the harshest graphical comparisons. The latter have undisclosed formulations and were replaced with generics to inspect the role of additives. The thermodynamic work-principle model resolves a wide range of charge formulations, remains useful for reducing toxic fumes and now for querying the tradeoffs related to shock and heave.
机译:热力学的工作原理用于模拟爆炸物在岩石或水下射击的震动,后者与报道的结果相比。工作原理利用限制和限制来产生代表适合于不可逆转(自然)拍摄过程。反应区的内部能量的减少产生总膨胀工作(TXW),岩石/水休克和升降的所得总和。形成闭合热力学回路的恢复技术产生可逆机械工作(RMW)或岩石/水升降。从TXW中减去RMW时保持的残余工作会产生不可逆的障碍工作(IDW)或周围岩石或水中的未耗散(不损失)冲击。工作原理对震荡损耗因子而不是传统的环形交叉路口公式来造成毫不疑问的关系,而是用于校正未建模爆炸物的水下仪器震动。有一种新的升降比因素,可毫无疑问地评估比较下的结果。虽然数值分辨率是值得的,但摇滚射击与由于岩石骨折和地层破裂的水下镜头更复杂。所提出的岩石水果冻(RWJ)模型产生粗略估计,岩石型结果与其水下同行完全不同。虽然报告的水下镜头揭示了对电荷制剂成分的震荡和升降趋势,但没有这样的摇滚结果进行比较,因为岩石中的相关测试测量仍然困难,如果不是难以难以侵袭的。震动和震动的水下研究试验透露了传统分子爆炸物,它们的混合物和一些商业挖掘炸药的趋势。热力学上,前者的特征很好并提供了最严重的图形比较。后者具有未公开的制剂,并用仿制药代替以检查添加剂的作用。热力学工作原理模型解决了广泛的电荷制剂,对减少有毒烟雾仍然有用,现在可以查询与冲击和升起有关的权衡。

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