Cosmic-Ray Modulation in the Heliosphere:Global and Near-Earth Measurements and Modeling

摘要

This is a rapporteur paper for the 28th International Cosmic-Ray Conference,covering topics of coronal mass ejection and Forbush decreases,interplanetary shocks,cosmic-ray transport and acceleration,anomalous cosmic rays and outer heliosphere,modulation models,cosmic-ray density gradients,anisotropies,energy spectra and composition,presented in sessions SH2.2,SH2.3,SH3.1,SH3.2 and SH3.3.Among the highlights of the meeting are-the unusual enhancement of cosmic-ray intensity observed by Voyager 1 near the solar wind termination shock,-exploration of the global distribution of cosmic rays in the heliosphere,-theoretical and numerical understanding of the diffusive compression acceleration,-remote sensing of the interplanetary disturbances by high-energy cosmic-ray measurements,-the first accurate measurement of the Compton-Getting anisotropy due to the earth's orbital motion around the sun.