A general solution for static and seismic passive resistance acting on a vertical rigid wall by a saturated backfill is presented. In the solution, two coefficients are given, and parameters such as soil effective internal friction angle, soil/wall friction angle, seismic acceleration coefficients, and pore-water pressure induced by earthquakes are considered. Effects of various parameters on the two coefficients are investigated. The results indicate that the presence of seismic forces induces a reduction in the passive earth pressure.
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