Solar wind energy and momentum from the emergence of new small-scale flux

摘要

Recent Hinode observations have shown the remarkably rapid reconfiguration of the Sun's small-scale magnetic flux. On the size-scale of granules, solar magnetic flux is reconfigured over only 10 minutes. On the larger scales of supergranules, magnetic flux is continually and rapidly reconfigured over about a day. We discuss how the reconfiguration processes observed by Hinode, TRACE, and SOHO, may be related. The emergence of new magnetic flux continually drives reconnection between smaller emerging loops and overlying closed or open fields. Ultimately, the energy and momentum from this emerging flux is converted into kinetic energy to drive the solar wind, and thermal, conductive and radiative energy in closed loops. Thus, we describe the relationship between emerging small-scale magnetic flux and the momentum and energy that drives the solar wind and heats the corona.