INTELLIGENT MEASURING INSTRUMENTS. MAXIMUM RELIABILITY OF MEASUREMENT INFORMATION, MINIMUM METROLOGICAL MAINTENANCE

摘要

It is shown that for increasing the reliability of measurement information received from instruments built into the equipment, these instruments should have the "intellect" and structural redundancy. Besides of capability to operate under changing conditions and noise, they can realize automatic check of metrological serviceability, and when a single defect occurs, they can change the structure and/or algorithm of input data processing, inform an operator about the defect appearance. The verification period for them is commensurable with their service life. A new definition of an intelligent measuring instrument is suggested, which takes into account these peculiarities. The main requirements to intelligent instruments are formulated. The description of an intelligent instrument for control and diagnostics, which is used in the control and safety system of a nuclear power plant in Russia, is presented.