Development Of Jute Machines By Reverse Engineering Technique Using Cad - A Case Of Breaker Card

摘要

To process jute into yarn and plies from reeds, a good number of machinery have been developed over one and a half centuries starting in Great Britain. These are batching oil emulsion spray plant, softener, jute spreader, roll former, breaker card, finisher card, teaser, roving frame, first, second and third drawing frames, spinning, plying, cop winding, Mackroll winding, hank winding etc. in several different makes and designs. Many firms made them in India but some discontinued due to high costs. A few designs of these machines are scientifically superior compared to others. Big aged jute mills numbering over one hundred a few decades ago have withered, closed down and reduced to less than 40 giving scope for establishing a large number of decentralised units to replace them. These mill units in small and medium scale have to use modern machinery, scientific in design and construction to turn out fine yarn economically. But unfortunately design drawings of these machinery are either not available or too expensive for the SMEs (Small & Medium Enterprises). Keeping this fact in view, an effort has been made to develop jute machinery from popular and scientific commercial prototypes by applying reverse engineering technique, design principles and CAD (Computer Aided Design) software package. This has been done for cards (breaker & finisher) of full-size capacity as well as for their scaled-down models. The following sections explain how the cards have been developed without any engineering/manufacturing drawing or without opening even a screw of the full-size machines.