Effect of salinity on yield and yield components of ten bread wheat genotypes.

摘要

An experiment with ten wheat genotypes (Alvand, local check, and 9 advanced lines) was conducted in the glasshouse at the Agricultural Biotechnology Rsearch Institute of Iran. Five levels of salinity (Control, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCl + 7mM CaCl2) were imposed through irrigation water. Salinity reduced time to heading and physiological maturity, plant height, number of tillers, number of spiklet, number of kernel per spike, kernel 1000 weight, biomass, grain weight and harvest index. Average grain yield at 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCl within genotypes were 81%, 58%, 31% and 11% of Control plants, respectively. Number of tillers and number of kernel per spike were the main cause of yield reduction. Genotype 3 had the least biomass and grain yield per plant in all salinity treatments. Relative yield reduction and relative biomass yield of genotype 12 consistently were lower than the others in all treatments. Relative yield reduction of G_3, G_(12) and Alvand (Local Check) at 200 mM NaCl was 97%,78% and 85% of Control plants, respectively. Salt tolerance threshold of G_(12) for biomass (4.9 ms/cm) and grain yield (4ms/cm) was higher than the others. G_(12) had higher stress tolerance index than the others.