Over the last decade, researchers have demonstrated interest in tribology and prototyping by the laser cladding process. In-situ laser cladding enables the formation of a uniform clad by melting the powder to form desired composition from pure powder components. Since TiC has desirable properties, such as hardness, wear and corrosion resistance, Ti and Graphite (C) are used as a composite material (i.e., TiC) to increase hardness and wear resistance of AISI 1030 carbon steel. In previous papers, the effect of laser parameters on the clad quality was investigated. In this paper two combined parameters (i.e. the effective energy per unit area (E_(eff)) and the powder deposition density (PDD) were plotted in order to recognize the high quality clad zone. Afterward a range of clad conditions with constant and variable effective energies in high quality clad zone were conducted to study the role of the effective energy on morphology and distribution of TiC particles. Complete metallurgical bonding between substrate and the clad was observed in all samples. SEM analysis has been used to study the TiC particles' morphology from the bottom to the top of the clad. Presence of in situ TiC particles in Fe (Ti) solid solution has been confirmed by XRD and EDS analysis.
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