The goal of remote sensing applications in landscape ecology have evolved from mere landcover/landuse classification to include also structural information and patterns of landscape elements. The importance of landscape patterns to describe landscape units is also mirrored in a number of current EU projects and initiatives (e.g. Natura 2000, SPIN -Spatial Indicators for European Nature Conservation, Envip Nature, and others). Spatial properties of landscape units are closely related to the topology of landscape elements. Topology and topology-related applications make up the core of graph theory. This mathematical branch provides data structures and methods based on a firm mathematical background suitable for remote sensing and landscape ecological applications.
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