Economic and environmental benefits of waste-based energy closed-loop integration in process industries under uncertainty

摘要

In this work,the effects of waste-based energy closed-loop integration under internal energy demand uncertainty on the multi-objective optimization of supply chains(SC)is analysed and compared.The proposed approach is based on developing a waste-based closed-loop energy integration MOO model to optimize the strategic and tactical decisions of country-size SCs in the presence of conflicting objectives.A stochastic multi-scenario mixed-integer linear program(MILP)is proposed and the capabilities of the approach are illustrated through a case study from a Sugar cane industry reported by Mele,et al.(2011).Additionally,this approach enables to consider and manage the financial risk associated to the different strategic/tactical decisions,resulting in a set of Pareto optimal solutions.It is shown that the stochastic solution improves the economic performance of the SC in comparison with the deterministic one at any level of the environmental impact.In fact,the stochastic approach optimizes the conflicting objectives as well as improves the whole system robustness compared to the deterministic one and should be therefore the preferred choice in practice.