High-Grade Uranium Mining at McArthur River, Saskatchewan, Canada

摘要

Cameco Corporation operates the high-grade 140 tpd fly-in/fly-out underground McArthur River Uranium Mine in Northern Saskatchewan in a joint venture with Cogema Resources Inc. Reserve grade is in excess of 20 per cent U_3O_8 with current mining grade averaging 16 per cent U_3O_8. Due to the high radiation potential of the ore, the non-entry mining method of raiseboring was chosen to minimise worker radiation exposure potential. The raisebore and extraction horizons are located in waste rock with the orebody located between horizons. Ore produced by raiseboring is delivered by LHD to an underground SAG mill and is then hydraulically hoisted to surface receiving facilities after underground thickening to 50 per cent solids by weight. Concrete backfilling is utilised. The orebodies at McArthur River are adjacent to water bearing sandstone. Ground freezing is therefore employed to isolate the ore from this water bearing ground. Calcium chloride brine at -35 deg C is circulated through a series of cased boreholes to establish freeze walls up to 25 metres in thickness. At 18 000 000 lb of low cost U_3O_8 production per annum, McArthur River ranks as the worlds' largest uranium mine. Over 50 per cent of the workforce resides in this sparsely populated area of Canada with approximately 40 per cent being of aboriginal ancestry. Site operations must cater for winter temperatures as low as -50 deg C.