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Static and fatigue evaluation of GFRP composites in 3-point bending tests

机译:3点弯曲试验中GFRP复合材料的静态和疲劳评价

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In the present paper, the static and fatigue evaluation of a fibre glass-epoxy composite system. based on a quasi-unidirectional prepreg, in 3-point bending tests with constant amplitude of strain is made. The studied laminates, all with 16 layers, were the following ones: [0]_(16), [(0/90)_4]_s, [90]_(16), and [+-45]_(4S) [(0/+-45/90)_2]_s. The definition of end damage criterion revealed difficult, since the full rupture of the test specimen was never observed. The NX criteria were analysed (x% reduction of the initial stress) such as defined in NF T 51-120-3. The N10 criterion, in general, represents the rupture of the first ply and the beginning of the fast and catastrophic propagation over the remaining plies to the specimen neutral axis. The N80 criterion seems to represent the end of the fast damage propagation, as after this point a very slow damage evolution in the remaining plies occurred. The S-N slope curves approached for the Mandell's equation varies between 10% to 13% per decade of number of cycles for an unidirectional and an angle-ply laminates, respectively. These results are very close to the Mandell's predictions (10% for GFRP). The Young's modulus decay was studied in all laminates. In quasi-static loading varied between 5% and 30% for [0]_(16) and [90]_(16), respectively. In fatigue, the modulus decay was followed until a reduction of 10% of the initial stress. In unidirectional laminates, it was observed that the modulus reduction is load level independent, while in the remaining ones it was observed that it is load level dependent. The matrix cracking evolution was also analysed in quasi-static and fatigue loading. Evolution curves crack numbers revealed the existence of a characteristic damage state (CDS) in both test conditions. In cycle loading, the CDS is only reached for the higher load levels. A cumulative damage model based on the critical element concept of Reifsnider was used to predict the residual strength and fatigue life of cross-ply laminates. The stiffness reduction in the sub-critical element was extracted from experimental data of relevant laminates and it was used in a software with the S-N curves of the 0 °ply and the classic laminate theory. The model shows good correlation with the experimental results.
机译:在本文件中,玻璃环氧纤维复合材料系统的静态和疲劳评估。基于准单向预浸料,在3点弯曲应变的恒定振幅测试制成。所研究的层压材料,全部用16层,分别为以下物质:[0] _(16),[(0/90)_4] _s,[90] _(16),和[+ -45] _(4S) [(0 / + - 45/90)2] _s。端损伤准则的定义显示困难的,因为测试样品的充分破裂从未观察到。将NX标准进行了分析(初始应力的x%的还原),如在NF T 51-120-3定义。在N10准则,通常,表示第一帘布层的破裂和快速的和灾难性的传播在剩余的层在试样中性轴的开始。在N80的标准似乎代表了快速传播的损坏的结束,因为这点在剩余层一个非常缓慢的损伤演化发生后。接近为曼德尔方程的S-N曲线斜率分别用于单向和角度层层压,变化每周期数十年%10 13%之间。这些结果是非常接近曼德尔的预测(10%GFRP)。杨氏模量的衰减在所有层压板的研究。在分别为5%和30%之间变化,为[0] _(16)和[90] _(16),准静态加载。在疲劳,模量衰减之后,直到还原的初始应力的10%。在单向层压体,可以观察到的弹性模量降低是负载水平独立的,而在其余的可以观察到它是负载电平相关。也分析了准静态和疲劳载荷的基体开裂演变。演化曲线裂纹数在两种测试条件下显示的特性损坏状态的存在(CDS)。在循环载荷,只有达到较高的负荷水平的CDS。使用基于赖夫斯奈德的关键要素概念的累积损伤模型来预测交叉层层压的残余强度和疲劳寿命。在亚临界元件的刚度减少从相关层压材料的实验数据中提取,它是在与0°帘布层的S-N曲线和经典理论层压一个软件使用。与实验结果模型显示良好的相关性。

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