THE CORNELL NET CARBOHYDRATE AND PROTEIN SYSTEM: CURRENT AND FUTURE APPROACHES FOR BALANCING OF AMINO ACIDS

摘要

The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) has been in development for nearly 30 years, and various versions of the CNCPS or implementations of the program (CPM Dairy, AMTS.Cattle, NDS, Dalex) have been used in the dairy industry to evaluate and formulate rations for more than 10 years. The long-term objective of the CNCPS and CPM modeling effort has been to provide a field usable model the accounts for a large proportion of the variation in ration formulation and animal performance andis based on our current understanding of the biology of both growing and lactating cattle. In recent years, the accumulation of information pertaining to amino acid balancing has outpaced our ability to mathematically characterize and model it appropriately. The purpose of this paper is to characterize where we are with metabolizable protein (MP) and amino acid balancing and what aspects of the mathematical description of the biology might enhance our ability to improve the predictions of amino acid requirements and supply.