Thermodynamics of surface tension systems and some applications

摘要

Surface tension is a property of the interface between a system and its surroundings. In thermodynamic studies of systems in which surface tension is present, the properties of the system and surroundings must be taken into account when the forces on the interface are considered. The phenomenon of surface tension arises because the particles of an interface are subject to forces differing from those in the interior of the system. For practical purposes, the interface may be considered to be a thin film (surface film). The aim of this paper is a thermodynamic examination of these systems in comparison with the relations usually applied to fluids. Three independent variables are generally considered, whereas usually only two variables have been considered till now for what is known to the authors. Furthermore, some applications are taken into account.