SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION ON NITROGEN RICH ORGANIC ENERGETIC COMPOUNDS

摘要

Airbags are known to be a useful tool for protecting drivers and passengers in the car crash accidents. Sodium azide, the generally used material is not only toxic but also forms explosive materials with heavy metals. Tri and tetrazines are promising alternatives because of their structural resemblance and high nitrogen content. The limited amounts of C and H in these materials mainly form methane on decomposition, and enhance the density and allow a good oxygen balance to be achieved more easily. High nitrogen compounds also produce more gas per gram than most of the explosives. High nitrogen materials have a large number of N-N and C-N bonds and therefore possess large positive heats of formation. In this paper we present the synthesis of symmetrical as well as asymmetrical tetrazine derivatives like Ⅰ) 3, 6 ― Bis (3, 5 ― dimethylpyrazol - 1yl) ― 1, 2, 4, 5 ― tetrazine, Ⅱ) 3 ― Amino ― 6 ― (3, 5 ― dimethylpyrazol ―1― yl) ― 1, 2, 4, 5 ― tetrazine, Ⅲ) 1, 2, 4, 5 ― Tetrazine ― 3, 6 ― diamine, Ⅳ) 3 ― Hydrazino ― 6 ― ( 3, 5 ― dimethylpyrazol ― 1 - yl) ― 1, 2, 4, 5 ― tetrazine, Ⅴ) 3, 6 ― Bis ― (2 ― ethylamino) ―1, 2, 4, 5 ― tetrazine, Ⅵ) N, N' ― Bis (6 -(3, 5 ― Dimethylpyrazol ― 1 ― yl) ― 1, 2, 4, 5, ― tetrazin ― 3 ― yl ―piperazine, Ⅶ) N, N' ― Bis (6 ― (3, 5 ― Dimethylpyrazol ― 1 ― yl) ― 1, 2, 4, 5 ― tetrazine ― 3 ― yl)) ― ethane ― 1, 2 ― diamine, Ⅷ) 3 ― (3, 5 ― Dimethylpyrazol ― 1 ― yl) ― 6 ― (morpholin ― 4 ― yl) ― 1, 2, 4, 5 ― tetrazine from the easily available starting materials like triaminoguanidine and 2, 4 ― penatanedione. The synthesized compounds have been fully characterized by spectral (IR, NMR) as well as explosive properties (impact, friction) and thermal properties (TGA/DTG) to evaluate their suitability in pyrotechnics, explosives and LOVA propellants.