ELECTROCHEMICAL GLUCOSE BIOSENSORS BASED ON NANOSTRUCTURED CARBON MATERIALS

摘要

The electrochemical biosensors are analytical devices used for the detection of targeted molecules with a very high sensitivity and accuracy. These sensors use a biomolecule as a receptor, e.g. enzymes, proteins, antibodies, etc., which allow a selective recognition in order to overcome interference problems [1, 2]. Carbon materials have been widely employed as support and transductor for this application. Among them, nanostructured carbon materials constitute the most promising ones for increasing the performance of the sensors via an improved interaction between the biomolecule and the support. Their competitive cost, high electrical conductivity, high surface area, high mechanical resistance and tunable surface chemistry, allow to use them both as a support with high capacity for biomolecule immobilization and as a transductor, working either as the sensor for the detection of products of the reaction occurring in the biomolecule or as acceptor of the current generated during this reaction thanks to an enhanced direct electron transfer between the biomolecule and the carbon material [3].